Music Online
An online music store is
an online business that sells audio files, usually
music, on a per-song and/or subscription basis. It may
be differentiated from some online music databases that
offer music streaming in that music stores offer the
actual music file, while streaming services offer
partial or full listening without actually providing a
file for downloading.
However, music stores generally offer partial streaming
previews, some even with full-length playback. Music
streaming services offer listening without the listener
actually owning the source file. Music streaming is
limited to devices connected to the Internet, but is, on
the other hand, cheaper than buying a music file, mostly
even free of charge.
The Internet's first free high fidelity online music
archive of downloadable songs was the Internet
Underground Music Archive. IUMA was started by Rob Lord,
Jeff Patterson and Jon Luini from the University of
California, Santa Cruz in 1993. The realization of the
market for these services grew widespread around the
time of Napster, a music and file sharing service
created by Shawn Fanning that made a major impact on the
Internet scene during the year 2000. Some services have
tethered downloads, meaning that playing songs requires
an active membership.
In 2000 Sony became the second company to make music
from one of the major labels available for sale on the
internet, with 'The Store'. However, it was not the
first online music sharing company, because the first
one was shut down in a lawsuit under the DMCA.
The big record companies were apprehensive to license
their catalogs to outside companies and refused the late
90's requests of MP3.com, Cductive and eMusic to sell
digital song downloads. They eventually decided to start
their own services, which they could control directly.
